Hydraulic operating means



Feb. 28, 1928. 1,661,016

w. J. SMITH HYDRAULIC OPERATING MEANS Original Filed May 23, 1925 rarest ed m 28, 1928.,

' wmrnrar. alarm, or rnraanatrma, rannsnvam rrarnnaumc ormwrmc ms ap'pumu fled an as, was, sum in. Macao. Renewed a t-n so, ms.

This invention relates to means for "impartin a reciprocatory movement to parts of mac 'nery or other bodies, and it relates particularly to means by. which such movea I ment is imparted to the tool slide of a shaper v or to the work table of a planer.

The primary object of the invention is to provide Qmea ns whereby areciprocatory movement maybe imparted, for instance, to

In the parts o f.machine tols referred to, by the utilization. of 'a fluid under pressure appliedto the moving parts through the instrumentality of a cy'nder' having its piston connected to the part to be moved,

" and in rwhichithe actuating mechanism may for practical purposes, economy,-etc., occu y a small amount ofspace. The specific o.- ject of the invention is to rovlde means of such construction and re ative arrange- 2 ment of partsf or operating the tool slide of a shaper, by the employment of a fluid under that the prmcipal operating parts all beof such construct on t at they may-be contained =wholly within the casing acoft-hetool -g v Havinghefiabove mentioned objects in view, 'theinvention consists of means for imparting a reci rocatory movement to the too slide of, a per by utilizing a fluid so under pressure and'in which the mechanism employed, in such utilization includes a cylin en'intowhich the fluid is introduced to actuaw a -piston .which is connected with the part ttrbe moved by means which will a greater length of movement-than, t of the piston. Z B'ythei hereinafter describedwonstructicn and arrangementof'the partsthe r uired lengths 'fofmovementsof the tool sli e are 140 attained-by compact means which may entirely" befinclosed in /the casing of the she er" to wliichi'such means are applied. Wh1le in description-and illustration of the present embodiment of the invention us specific referencejis made to the application to 'a shaiper, is not intended to limit the scope o the-claims, it will be clear from an unde ofthe mechanism that it may be utilized advantage for ,many

jothertpui'gltes In v aside view of a shaper ineorporatin'g invention, the side of the casing of the shaper being broken away to show the arrangement of the operating cyl- 1n, der, the pump connections, etc., located within the casing, the controlli valve on the outside of the casing being s' own with its case'broken away.

Figure 2 is a fragments side view showing a portion 'of'the too slide of a shaper, an actuating cylinder, and the means by which the slide and the piston of the cylinder are connected, and a Figure 3 is an end view, partly in sectionshowmg the arrangement of the racks and gears by which movement is transmitted cm the piston of the actuating cylinder to the too slide to im art to the latter a longer movement than that of the former. Innthe drawings 1 represents the casing of a shaper in the interior of which, at the lower end, is a tank 2 for containing a liq-- uid, for instance, oil, which is drawn from the tank by a pump, forced ,under pressure by thelatter into a cylinder to actuate the plston of the cylinder, andthen returned to the tank for reuse. Arranged in the casing is a pump 3 which may be of any suitable construction and-which is preferably-continuousl operated by a motor 3 during the use of t e tool, a part of which is to be op-- erated by the oil under pressure. The inlet of the pump 'is connected by a pipe 4 with the tank, and its discharge is connected by a pipe 5 with the inlet port 6 of a slide va ve 7 by which-the flow of the oil isgov-- fined to cause it to be alternately introduced to and dischargedfroni the. ends of one or more actuating cylinders 8. The valve 7 has on it two outlet ports 9 and 10 which are, connected by pipes 11 and 12 tothe respective ends of the operating cylindei 8,.

and arranged in the valve isa slidable valve stem 13 having heads "14 for dovering or exposi the ports. Located in the valve is' a disc arge chamber 15 connected by pass i s 16 with the chamber 17 in which the 'v ve hea'dsare located, and the dischar I chamber is connected by a pipe oil tank 2. v I

v The reciprocation of the valve from one end to the other of its stroke moves the valve heads to allow assage of oil from the'pump to one end theopers ating cylinder to actuatpthe piston of the 18, with e 6 of the valve, the outlet port 10, and the pipe 12 with the rear end of the cylinder 8. The pressure of the oil imposed upon the piston of the cylinder causes the latter, and,- throu 'h the connection to be hereinafter described, the tool slide of the 'shaper, to move forward. When the described connec- "tion is established between the rear end of the cylinder and the pump and the piston is moved forward, the discharge of oil contained in the cylinder from the forward end of the cylinder to the tank. takes place through the pipe 11, the port 9 of the valve, the valve chamber 17 of the valve, the passage 16, discharge chamber 15, and pipe 18. When the valve stem is shifted to the other end of its stroke, to the position indicated by dotted lines, communication is established between the forward end of the cylinder and the pump, resulting in a rearward movement of the piston of the cylinder, anda discharge passage for oil is established between the rear end of the cylinder and the tank. Thus by the shifting of the valve stem from one end to the other of its stroke, oil is alternately admitted and discharged from the ends of the cylinder, resulting in the' reciprocation of the piston of the cylinder.

The shifting of the valve stem is accomplished automatically by means of stops attached to the'tool slide 19 of the shaper and which contact with a part of the valve shifting of the valve and the imparting of connected to the valve stem. As herein shown, hangers 20, adjustable longitudinally of the tool slide and retained by jam nuts 21, depend from the slide and have spring bolts 22 which contact with a bar 23 connected with the valve stem; As the slide approaches the end of its movement in either direction, one of the spring bolts contacts with the bar 23, and as the movement is completed the impact of the. bolt, and the action of the spring of the bolt on the bar 23, shift the valve stem from the position it occupies to the opposite one, resulting through the deseribed connections in inducing an opposite movement of the piston of the operating cylinder. The automatic a reciprocatory movement to the piston continues as long as oil is supplied underpressure from the pump, and the length of the reciprocatory movement may be varied at will. by th'eadjustmentof the hangers carrying the, spring bolts.

The iston 24 of the cylinder 8 is connected t on h its piston rod 25 to the tool slidelfl; oft e shaper by such means that.

of the rack bar mesh with the teethof a pinion 28 keyed to a shaft 29 located within the casing ofthe planer, extending transversely thereof, and having The shaft 29 has keyed to it a gear 31-, and

the under face of the tool slide has attached to or formed with it a rack 32 the teeth of which mesh with the gear.-' The relative diameters of'the pinion and gear are such that the length of movement of the tool slide, when the piston rod is actuated, is greater than that of the latter, and the-relative distances of movements of the parts may readily be increased or decreased by em- 90 ploying pinions and gears of different relative diameters.

By the use of thedescribed means for communicating movement from the piston to the tool slide, an operating .cylinder of a size permitting of'its' location entirely within the casing of the tool may be used, thus offering nothing objectionable to the user of the tool or in any way interfering with his manipulation of it. a 19 I claim:

1. In a device of the kind described, a

reciprocatory part of a machine tool,"a cylinder having a. piston, means for reciprocating the piston, and a'rack and pinioncon- 5 motion between the'greciproc'atory ipartof the machine tool and the piston, whereby the length of movement of the reciprocatory part is rendered greater than that or the piston. w

2. In a device of the kind-described, a reciprocatory part of a machine tool, a con tainer for a liquid, means connected with the container for forcing the liquid, automatic means connected with the forcing means for 115 governing the flow of the liquid, a cylinder having its piston connected with the'reciprocatory part of the machine tool by means whereby the length of movement o'fthe re- I ciprocatory that of the piston, connections between the governing means and theends of the cyllnder, and a connection between the governing means and the container.

3. In a device of the kind described, a re- 125 ranged parallel to the piston rod. The teeth bearings 30 in its sides.

part is rendered' greater than i V having its piston connected to the reciproca- 5 governing means and the container.

4. In a device of the kind described, a,

shaper having a casi .a c linder having a i ston and located wl fiiin t e casing, means or reciprocating the piston, a, rack bar 7 g v ettached to the i m and nieshing' with 11g} and a gear of larger diameter than the inlon meshin with the rack on the tool side and rigid y connected to the pinion. I 7 In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

, WILLL m J. SMITH.

a pinion, a tool sli e-having a rack extending 'into the casi 

